Standard Form

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Standard Form of a Linear Equation

Ax + By = C

where:

1)  A, B, and C are integer coefficients...  AND
2)  A and B are both not zero.

N.B.  If either A or B is zero, you have a special linear equation in either vertical line form (i.e. x = 3) or horizontal line form (i.e. y = -7).

How to solve for STANDARD FORM:

1) ISOLATE the CONSTANT (to the right side of the "=" sign)

2) FRAC-ATTACK - Eliminate fractional coefficients using the LCD

Example:

y = - 3/5 x + 3      << add 3/5 x to both sides >>

3/5 x + y = 3        << Multiply both sides by LCD (5)  >>

3x + 5y = 15       woo-hoo! that's all folks!

Standard Form is considered useful for finding quick graphs using intercepts.  Hmmm... up 'til now, haven't we called this "intercept form?"  Can you find the coordinates for the x- and y-intercepts for the equation we developed above?

 

 

Convert to STANDARD FORM:

1) y = 3x + 1

2) y = - 3/4 x - 4

3) y = 7/2 x + 1/4  

4) Challenge!  (3, 2) (6, 3)  

 

Answers below:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Answers:

Example Problem:
   x-intercept (5, 0)
   y-intercept (0, 3)

1) -3x + y = 1

2) -3x - 4y = 16

3) -14x + 4y = 1

4) m = 1/3; y = 1/3x + 1;  -x + 3y = 3

 

 

Challenge Problem #1:

Larry runs at an average rate of 8 mi/hr.  He walks at a rate of 3 mi/hr.  Let x represent the time spent running and y represent the time spent walking.  

a) Write a linear equation in standard form to relate the times he could spend running and walking if he travels a distance of 15 miles.

b) graph the line in the coordinate plane.

c) convert the equation to slope-intercept form.

 

 

 

Challenge Problem #2:

The 8th grade class holds a car wash to raise money for the Washington trip.  A local merchant donates all of the supplies.  A car wash costs $5 and a van/SUV wash costs $7.50.  

Let x represent the number of cars and y represent the number of vans/SUVs.  

a) Write a linear equation in standard form to relate the number of cars and/or vans/SUVs that the students must wash to raise $900.

b) graph the line in the coordinate plane.

c) convert the equation to slope-intercept form.

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